Reflection And Shearing In Computer Graphics Program

#include<iostream>
#include<conio.h>
#include<graphics.h>
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;
voiddisp(intn,float c[][3]){
floatmaxx,maxy;
inti;
maxx=getmaxx();
maxy=getmaxy();
maxx=maxx/2;
maxy=maxy/2;
i=0;
while(i<n-1){
line(maxx+c[i][0],maxy-c[i][1],maxx+c[i+1][0],maxy-c[i+1][1]);
i++; }
i=n-1;
line(maxx+c[i][0],maxy-c[i][1],maxx+c[0][0],maxy-c[0][1]);
setcolor(GREEN);
line(0,maxy,maxx*2,maxy);
line(maxx,0,maxx,maxy*2);
setcolor(WHITE);}
void mul(intn,float b[][3],float c[][3],float a[][3]){
inti,j,k;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
a[i][j]=0;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
for(k=0;k<3;k++) {
a[i][j]=a[i][j]+(c[i][k]*b[k][j]); }}
void translation(intn,float c[][3],float tx,floatty){
inti;
for(i=0;i<n;i++) {
c[i][0]=c[i][0]+tx;
c[i][1]=c[i][1]+ty; }}
void scaling(intn,float c[][3],float sx,floatsy){
float b[10][3],a[10][3];
inti,j;
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
b[i][j]=0;
b[0][0]=sx;
b[1][1]=sy;
b[2][2]=1;
mul(n,b,c,a);
setcolor(RED);
disp(n,a);}
void rotation(intn,float c[][3],float ra){
inti=0,j;
float b[10][3],xp,yp,a[10][3];
xp=c[0][0];
yp=c[0][1];
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
b[i][j]=0;
b[0][0]=b[1][1]=cos(ra*3.14/180);
b[0][1]=sin(ra*3.14/180);
b[1][0]=-sin(ra*3.14/180);;
b[2][0]=(-xp*cos(ra*3.14/180))+(yp*sin(ra*3.14/180))+xp;
b[2][1]=(-xp*sin(ra*3.14/180))-(yp*cos(ra*3.14/180))+yp;
b[2][2]=1;
mul(n,b,c,a);
setcolor(RED);
disp(n,a);}
voidrefthx(intn,float c[][3]){
inti=0,j;
float b[10][3],a[10][3];
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
b[i][j]=0;
b[0][0]=b[2][2]=1;
b[1][1]=-1;
mul(n,b,c,a);
setcolor(RED);
disp(n,a);}
voidrefthy(intn,float c[][3]){
inti=0,j;
float b[10][3],a[10][3];
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
b[i][j]=0;
b[1][1]=b[2][2]=1;
b[0][0]=-1;
mul(n,b,c,a);
setcolor(RED);
disp(n,a);}
voidreforg(intn,float c[][3]){
inti=0,j;
float b[10][3],a[10][3];
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
b[i][j]=0;
b[0][0]=b[1][1]=-1;
b[2][2]=1;
mul(n,b,c,a);
setcolor(RED);
disp(n,a);}
voidrefthyx(intn,float c[][3]){
inti=0,j;
float b[10][3],a[10][3];
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
b[i][j]=0;
b[0][1]=b[1][0]=b[2][2]=1;
mul(n,b,c,a);
setcolor(RED);
disp(n,a);}
voidrefthynegx(intn,float c[][3]){
inti=0,j;
float b[10][3],a[10][3];
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
b[i][j]=0;
b[0][1]=b[1][0]=-1;
b[2][2]=1;
mul(n,b,c,a);
setcolor(RED);
disp(n,a);}
voidshearx(intn,float c[][3],float shx){
inti=0,j;
float b[10][3],a[10][3];
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
b[i][j]=0;
b[0][0]=b[1][1]=b[2][2]=1;
b[1][0]=shx;
mul(n,b,c,a);
setcolor(RED);
disp(n,a);}
voidsheary(intn,float c[][3],float shy){
inti=0,j;
float b[10][3],a[10][3];
for(i=0;i<3;i++)
for(j=0;j<3;j++)
b[i][j]=0;
b[0][0]=b[1][1]=b[2][2]=1;
b[0][1]=shy;
mul(n,b,c,a);
setcolor(RED);
disp(n,a);}
int main(){
inti,j,k,cho,n,gd=DETECT,gm;
float c[10][3],tx,ty,sx,sy,ra;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,” “);
cout<<“Enter no. of vertices”;
cin>>n;
for (i=0;i<n;i++) {
cout<<“Enter coordinates of vertex”,i+1;
cin>>c[i][0]>>c[i][1];
c[i][2]=1; }
do {
cleardevice();
cout<<“ntt ——MENU——“;
cout<<“ntt 1)Translation”;
cout<<“ntt 2)Scaling”;
cout<<“ntt 3)Rotation”;
cout<<“ntt 4)Reflection”;
cout<<“ntt 5)Shear”;
cout<<“ntt 6)EXIT”;
cout<<“nt Enter your Choice”;
cin>>cho;
switch(cho) {
case 1:
cout<<“nt Enter translation factor for X and Y axis:t”;
cin>>tx>>ty;
cleardevice();
setcolor(15);
disp(n,c);
translation(n,c,tx,ty);
setcolor(15);
disp(n,c);
getch();
break;
case 2:
cout<<“nt Enter scaling factor for X and Y axis:t”;
cin>>sx>>sy;
cleardevice();
setcolor(15);
disp(n,c);
scaling(n,c,sx,sy);
getch();
break;
case 3:
cout<<“nt Enter rotation factor :t”;
cin>>ra;
cleardevice();
disp(n,c);
rotation(n,c,ra);
getch();
break;
case 4:
intch;
do{
cleardevice();
cout<<“ntt ——MENU——“;
cout<<“ntt 1)Reflection about x axis”;
cout<<“ntt 2)Reflection about x axis”;
cout<<“ntt 3)Reflection about origin”;
cout<<“ntt 4)Reflection about the line y=x”;
cout<<“ntt 4)Reflection about the line y=-x”;
cout<<“nt Enter your Choice”;
cin>>ch;
switch(ch){
case 1:
cleardevice();
setcolor(15);
disp(n,c);
refthx(n,c);
getch();
break;
case 2:
cleardevice();
setcolor(15);
disp(n,c);
refthy(n,c);
getch();
break;
case 3:
cleardevice();
setcolor(15);
disp(n,c);
reforg(n,c);
getch();
break;
case 4:
cleardevice();
setcolor(15);
disp(n,c);
refthyx(n,c);
getch();
break;
case 5:
cleardevice();
setcolor(15);
disp(n,c);
refthynegx(n,c);
getch();
break;
default:
cout<<“nt Invalid Choice !!!”;
break; } }
while(cho!=5);
case 5:
int cha;
floatshx,shy;
do {
cleardevice();
cout<<“ntt ——MENU——“;
cout<<“ntt 1)X-shear”;
cout<<“ntt 2)Y-shear”;
cout<<“nt Enter your Choice”;
cin>>cha;
switch(cha) {
case 1:
cout<<“nt Enter Shear factor: “;
cin>>shx;
cleardevice();
setcolor(15);
disp(n,c);
shearx(n,c,shx);
getch();
break;
case 2:
cout<<“nt Enter Shear factor: “;
cin>>shy;
cleardevice();
setcolor(15);
disp(n,c);
shearx(n,c,shy);
getch();
break;
default:
cout<<“nt Invalid Choice !!!”;
break; } }
while(cho!=2);
case 6:
exit(0);
break;
default:
cout<<“nt Invalid Choice !!!”;
break; } }
while(cho!=6);
getch();
closegraph();}

Reflection in computer graphics is used to emulate reflective objects like mirrors and shiny surfaces.

Define the terms with example. The three basic transformations of scaling, rotating, and translating are the most useful and most common. There are some other transformations which are useful in certain applications. Two such transformations are reflection and shear. To write a C program to perform composite 2D transformations such as translation, rotation, scaling, reflection and shearing. Algorithm: Step 1: Start the program. Types of Transformations (Reflection and Shearing) in Computer Graphics Computer Graphics Reflection and Shearing: In this tutorial, we are going to learn about the Reflection and Shearing which are types of Transformation in computer graphics, the ways in which an image is transformed in each of these methods. Reflection and Shearing in hindi. Computer graphics में जो तीन मुख्य transformation है वह scaling, rotation, और translation है. इन तीनो का प्रयोग बहुत ज्यादा किया जाता है तथा ये बहुत ही उपयोगी भी.

Reflection is accomplished in a ray trace renderer by following a ray from the eye to the mirror and then calculating where it bounces from, and continuing the process until no surface is found, or a non-reflective surface is found. Reflection on a shiny surface like wood or tile can add to the photorealistic effects of a 3D rendering.

Program

#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>

#include <graphics.h>
#include <math.h>
void main()
{
int gd=DETECT,gm;
initgraph(&gd,&gm,'C:TcBGI');
int a=getmaxx();
int b=getmaxy();
int y=b⁄2;
int x=a⁄2;
line(x,0,x,b);
line(0,y,a,y);
int x1=x+100;
int y1=y-100;
int x2=x+150;
int y2=y-150;
line(x2,y2,x1,y1);
line(x2,y+150,x1,y+100);